Camera access through browser
You could try this:
<input type="file" capture="camera" accept="image/*" id="cameraInput" name="cameraInput">
but it has to be iOS 6+ to work. That will give you a nice dialogue for you to choose either to take a picture or to upload one from your album i.e.
An example can be found here:Capturing camera/picture data without PhoneGap
As of 2015, it now just works.
<input type="file">
This will ask user for the upload of any file. On iOS 8.x this can be a camera video, camera photo, or a photo/video from Photo Library.
<input type="file" accept="image/*">
This is as above, but limits the uploads to photos only from camera or library, no videos.
In iOS6, Apple supports this via the <input type="file">
tag. I couldn't find a useful link in Apple's developer documentation, but there's an example here.
It looks like overlays and more advanced functionality is not yet available, but this should work for a lot of use cases.
EDIT: The w3c has a spec that iOS6 Safari seems to implement a subset of. The capture
attribute is notably missing.