How do I update/upsert a document in Mongoose?

Mongoose now supports this natively with findOneAndUpdate (calls MongoDB findAndModify).

The upsert = true option creates the object if it doesn't exist. defaults to false.

var query = {'username': req.user.username};req.newData.username = req.user.username;MyModel.findOneAndUpdate(query, req.newData, {upsert: true}, function(err, doc) {    if (err) return res.send(500, {error: err});    return res.send('Succesfully saved.');});

In older versions Mongoose does not support these hooks with this method:

• defaults
• setters
• validators
• middleware

I just burned a solid 3 hours trying to solve the same problem. Specifically, I wanted to "replace" the entire document if it exists, or insert it otherwise. Here's the solution:

var contact = new Contact({  phone: request.phone,  status: request.status});// Convert the Model instance to a simple object using Model's 'toObject' function// to prevent weirdness like infinite looping...var upsertData = contact.toObject();// Delete the _id property, otherwise Mongo will return a "Mod on _id not allowed" errordelete upsertData._id;// Do the upsert, which works like this: If no Contact document exists with // _id = contact.id, then create a new doc using upsertData.// Otherwise, update the existing doc with upsertDataContact.update({_id: contact.id}, upsertData, {upsert: true}, function(err{...});

I created an issue on the Mongoose project page requesting that info about this be added to the docs.

You were close with

Contact.update({phone:request.phone}, contact, {upsert: true}, function(err){...})

but your second parameter should be an object with a modification operator for example

Contact.update({phone:request.phone}, {$set: { phone: request.phone }}, {upsert: true}, function(err){...})