HTTPS and HTTP CORS
Yes you can do a CORS request from a HTTPS domain to another HTTPS domain.
The only difference is because HTTPS is a secure origin, you can only make call to secure origin, so not to HTTP, the browser will block it with a message like:
Mixed Content: The page at 'https://example.com/index.html' was loaded over HTTPS, but requested an insecure XMLHttpRequest endpoint 'http://example2.com/endpoint'. This request has been blocked; the content must be served over HTTPS.
Warning: If you allow http requests to call your https webpage, it will be insecure because it means an attacker can force requests to your https webpage with the cookies of a victim and read the answer
Beware if you still need to support IE8/IE9 and are using XDomainRequest as it does not support cross-protocol requests. As per MDN:
The origin's security protocol must match that of the requested URL. (http to http, https to https). If these do not match, the request will error "Access is Denied".