Android - Launcher Icon Size

I would create separate images for each one:

LDPI should be 36 x 36.MDPI should be 48 x 48.TVDPI should be 64 x 64.HDPI should be 72 x 72.XHDPI should be 96 x 96.XXHDPI should be 144 x 144.XXXHDPI should be 192 x 192.

Then just put each of them in the separate stalks of the drawable folder.

You are also required to give a large version of your icon when uploading your app onto the Google Play Store and this should be WEB 512 x 512. This is so large so that Google can rescale it to any size in order to advertise your app throughout the Google Play Store and not add pixelation to your logo.

Basically, all of the other icons should be in proportion to the 'baseline' icon, MDPI at 48 x 48.

LDPI is MDPI x 0.75.TVDPI is MDPI x 1.33.HDPI is MDPI x 1.5.XHDPI is MDPI x 2.XXHDPI is MDPI x 3.XXXHDPI is MDPI x 4.

This is all explained on the Iconography page of the Android Developers website:http://developer.android.com/design/style/iconography.html

Don't Create 9-patch images for launcher icons . You have to make separate image for each one.

LDPI - 36 x 36MDPI - 48 x 48HDPI - 72 x 72XHDPI - 96 x 96XXHDPI - 144 x 144XXXHDPI - 192 x 192.WEB - 512 x 512 (Require when upload application on Google Play)

Note: WEB(512 x 512) image is used when you upload your android application on Market.

|| Android App Icon Size ||

All Devices

hdpi=281*164mdpi=188*110xhdpi=375*219xxhdpi=563*329xxxhdpi=750*43848 × 48 (mdpi)72 × 72 (hdpi)96 × 96 (xhdpi)144 × 144 (xxhdpi)192 × 192 (xxxhdpi)512 × 512 (Google Play store)

Android icons require five separate sizes for different screen pixel densities. Icons for lower resolution are created automatically from the baseline.

mdpi (Baseline): 160 dpi 1×hdpi: 240 dpi 1.5×xhdpi: 320 dpi 2×xxhdpi: 480 dpi 3×xxxhdpi: 640 dpi 4× (launcher icon only)

Launcher icons (.Png)

48 × 48 (mdpi)72 × 72 (hdpi)96 × 96 (xhdpi)144 × 144 (xxhdpi)192 × 192 (xxxhdpi)512 × 512 (Google Play store)

Action bar, Dialog & Tab icons

24 × 24 area in 32 × 32 (mdpi)36 × 36 area in 48 × 48 (hdpi)48 × 48 area in 64 × 64 (xhdpi)72 × 72 area in 96 × 96 (xxhdpi)96 × 96 area in 128 × 128 (xxxhdpi)*

Notification icons

22 × 22 area in 24 × 24 (mdpi)33 × 33 area in 36 × 36 (hdpi)44 × 44 area in 48 × 48 (xhdpi)66 × 66 area in 72 × 72 (xxhdpi)88 × 88 area in 96 × 96 (xxxhdpi)*

Small Contextual Icons

16 × 16 (mdpi)24 × 24 (hdpi)32 × 32 (xhdpi)48 × 48 (xxhdpi)64 × 64 (xxxhdpi)*

The xxxhdpi size needed only by the launcher icon as the Supporting multiple Screens official site says.