Android native crash initiating from /system/framework/arm/boot.oat
Together with one other developer, who was getting the same crash in his application, we discovered that it is triggered by the -z parameter of zipalign tool. (Recompress using Zopfli)
The exactly same APK crashes when aligned and recompressed with Zopfli and doesn't crash when aligned without recompressing.
I can only guess that Samsung made some modifications to the Android 5 and introduced some weird bug in the code that reads the APK. Until that is fixed or I have some better explanation, not using the -z in zipalign solves the problem.