Can an array be used as a HashMap key?

It will have to be the same object. A HashMap compares keys using equals() and two arrays in Java are equal only if they are the same object.

If you want value equality, then write your own container class that wraps a String[] and provides the appropriate semantics for equals() and hashCode(). In this case, it would be best to make the container immutable, as changing the hash code for an object plays havoc with the hash-based container classes.

EDIT

As others have pointed out, List<String> has the semantics you seem to want for a container object. So you could do something like this:

HashMap<List<String>, String> pathMap;pathMap.put(    // unmodifiable so key cannot change hash code    Collections.unmodifiableList(Arrays.asList("korey", "docs")),    "/home/korey/docs");// later:String dir = pathMap.get(Arrays.asList("korey", "docs"));

No, but you can use List<String> which will work as you expect!

Arrays in Java use Object's hashCode() and don't override it (the same thing with equals() and toString()). So no, you cannot shouldn't use arrays as a hashmap key.