In later versions of xcode, do shift + cmd + R.
Or go to View -> Debug Area -> Activate Console
When Xcode runs your project, the editor changes to show a little black button with the letters "GDB" in it. Click on that to see the Debugger which has the console in it.
Good luck!
Oh, and I would read Apple's documentation. It's not that bad.
From the 'Run' menu, choose 'Console' - keyboard shortcut is Shift-Cmd-R.