Both production and staging server running same cron in Azure
There is no easy way in order to distuinguish staging and production environments.If I do remember correctly, you could use the Server Management REST Api to get more details about the current deployment. You just need to get the RoleEnvironment.DeploymentId and communicate with the REST Api by providing a valid X509 Certificate.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsazure/ee460806.aspx