Kubernetes - service cluster IP address vs Pod IP address
You only opened port 5432, never a port to ping your service at. If you try to connect to port 5432 you should be able to:
kubectl exec -ti busybox -- telnet postgres.default.svc.cluster.local 5432
or (you really shouldn't be trying to connect directly to IPs)
kubectl exec -ti busybox -- telnet 10.0.209.61 5432