Find lines in file that contain duplicate characters
grep '\(.\).*\1' file.txt
Matches any line that contains a character, any string, and then that same character, i.e. any line with duplicates.
Perl:
perl -ne 'print if /(.)\1/' file.txt
awk:
awk -F "" '{for (i=1; i<NF; i++) if ($i == $(i+1)) {print; next}}' flie.txt