MIN and MAX in C

Where are MIN and MAX defined in C, if at all?

They aren't.

What is the best way to implement these, as generically and type safe as possible (compiler extensions/builtins for mainstream compilers preferred).

As functions. I wouldn't use macros like #define MIN(X, Y) (((X) < (Y)) ? (X) : (Y)), especially if you plan to deploy your code. Either write your own, use something like standard fmax or fmin, or fix the macro using GCC's typeof (you get typesafety bonus too) in a GCC statement expression:

 #define max(a,b) \   ({ __typeof__ (a) _a = (a); \       __typeof__ (b) _b = (b); \     _a > _b ? _a : _b; })

Everyone says "oh I know about double evaluation, it's no problem" and a few months down the road, you'll be debugging the silliest problems for hours on end.

Note the use of __typeof__ instead of typeof:

If you are writing a header file that must work when included in ISO C programs, write __typeof__ instead of typeof.

It's also provided in the GNU libc (Linux) and FreeBSD versions of sys/param.h, and has the definition provided by dreamlax.

On Debian:

$ uname -srLinux 2.6.11$ cat /etc/debian_version5.0.2$ egrep 'MIN\(|MAX\(' /usr/include/sys/param.h#define MIN(a,b) (((a)<(b))?(a):(b))#define MAX(a,b) (((a)>(b))?(a):(b))$ head -n 2 /usr/include/sys/param.h | grep GNUThis file is part of the GNU C Library.

On FreeBSD:

$ uname -srFreeBSD 5.5-STABLE$ egrep 'MIN\(|MAX\(' /usr/include/sys/param.h#define MIN(a,b) (((a)<(b))?(a):(b))#define MAX(a,b) (((a)>(b))?(a):(b))

The source repositories are here:

• GNU C Library
• FreeBSD

There's a std::min and std::max in C++, but AFAIK, there's no equivalent in the C standard library. You can define them yourself with macros like

#define MAX(x, y) (((x) > (y)) ? (x) : (y))#define MIN(x, y) (((x) < (y)) ? (x) : (y))

But this causes problems if you write something like MAX(++a, ++b).