Docker - Disk Quotas
Volumes are outside of the Union File System by definition, so any data in them will not count towards the devicemapper 10GB limit. By default volumes are stored under /var/lib/docker/vfs
if you don't specify a mount point.
You can find the exactly where your volumes are on the host by using the docker inspect
command e.g:
docker inspect -f {{.Volumes}} CONTAINER
You will get a result like:
map[/CONTAINER/VOLUME:/var/lib/docker/vfs/dir/5a6f7b306b96af38723fc4d31def1cc515a0d75c785f3462482f60b730533b1a]
Where the path after the colon is the location of the volume on the host.