Docker tries to mkdir the folder that I mount
I got this error after changing my Windows password. I had to go into Docker settings and do "Reset credentials" under "Shared Drives", then restart Docker.
For anyone running mac/osx and encountering this, I restarted docker desktop in order to resolve this issue.
My trouble was a fuse-mounted volume (e.g. sshfs, etc.) that got mounted again into the container. I didn't help that the fuse-mount had the same ownership as the user inside the container.
I assume the underlying problem is that the docker/root supervising process needs to get a hold of the fuse-mount as well when setting up the container.
Eventually it helped to mount the fuse volume with the allow_other option. Be aware that this opens access to any user. Better might be allow_root – not tested, as blocked for other reasons.