How to enable authentication on MongoDB through Docker?
If you take a look at:
- https://github.com/docker-library/mongo/blob/master/4.2/Dockerfile
- https://github.com/docker-library/mongo/blob/master/4.2/docker-entrypoint.sh#L303-L313
you will notice that there are two variables used in the docker-entrypoint.sh
:
- MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME
- MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD
You can use them to setup root user. For example you can use following docker-compose.yml
file:
mongo-container: image: mongo:3.4.2 environment: # provide your credentials here - MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=root - MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD=rootPassXXX ports: - "27017:27017" volumes: # if you wish to setup additional user accounts specific per DB or with different roles you can use following entry point - "$PWD/mongo-entrypoint/:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/" # no --auth is needed here as presence of username and password add this option automatically command: mongod
Now when starting the container by docker-compose up
you should notice following entries:
...I CONTROL [initandlisten] options: { net: { bindIp: "127.0.0.1" }, processManagement: { fork: true }, security: { authorization: "enabled" }, systemLog: { destination: "file", path: "/proc/1/fd/1" } }...I ACCESS [conn1] note: no users configured in admin.system.users, allowing localhost access...Successfully added user: { "user" : "root", "roles" : [ { "role" : "root", "db" : "admin" } ]}
To add custom users apart of root use the entrypoint exectuable script (placed under $PWD/mongo-entrypoint dir as it is mounted in docker-compose
to entrypoint):
#!/usr/bin/env bashecho "Creating mongo users..."mongo admin --host localhost -u USER_PREVIOUSLY_DEFINED -p PASS_YOU_PREVIOUSLY_DEFINED --eval "db.createUser({user: 'ANOTHER_USER', pwd: 'PASS', roles: [{role: 'readWrite', db: 'xxx'}]}); db.createUser({user: 'admin', pwd: 'PASS', roles: [{role: 'userAdminAnyDatabase', db: 'admin'}]});"echo "Mongo users created."
Entrypoint script will be executed and additional users will be created.
a. You can use environment variables via terminal:
$ docker run -d --name container_name \ -e MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=admin \ -e MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD=password \ mongo
If you like to test if everything works:
// ssh into the running container// Change container name if necessary$ docker exec -it mongo /bin/bash// Enter into mongo shell$ mongo// Caret will change when you enter successfully// Switch to admin database$> use admin$> db.auth("admin", passwordPrompt())// Show available databases$> show dbs
If you like to instantiate a database on first run, check option b.
b. You can use environment variables in your docker stack deploy file or compose file for versions 3.4 through 4.1.
As it is explained on the quick reference section of the official mongo image set MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME
and MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD
in your yaml file:
mongo: image: mongo environment: MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME: admin MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD: password
docker-entrypoint.sh file in mongo image checks for the existence of these two variables and sets --auth
flag accordingly.
c. You can also use docker secrets.
MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME
and MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD
is set indirectly by docker-entrypoint.sh from MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME_FILE
and MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE
variables:
mongo: image: mongo environment: - MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME_FILE=/run/secrets/db_root_username - MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE=/run/secrets/db_root_password secrets: - db_root_username - db_root_password
docker-entrypoint.sh converts MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME_FILE
and MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE
to MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME
and MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD
.
You can use MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME
and MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD
in your .sh
or .js
scripts in docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
folder while initializing database instance.
When a container is started for the first time it will execute files with extensions .sh
and .js
that are found in /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
. Files will be executed in alphabetical order. .js
files will be executed by mongo using the database specified by the MONGO_INITDB_DATABASE
variable, if it is present, or test otherwise. You may also switch databases within the .js
script.
This last method is not in the reference docs, so it may not survive an update.
Better solutions for furthering:
https://blog.madisonhub.org/setting-up-a-mongodb-server-with-auth-on-docker/https://docs.mongodb.com/v2.6/tutorial/add-user-administrator/
Here's what I did for the same problem, and it worked.
Run the mongo docker instance on your server
docker run -d -p 27017:27017 -v ~/dataMongo:/data/db mongo
Open bash on the running docker instance.
docker ps
CONTAINER IDIMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
b07599e429fb mongo "docker-entrypoint..." 35 minutes ago Up 35 minutes 0.0.0.0:27017->27017/tcp musing_stallman
docker exec -it b07599e429fb bashroot@b07599e429fb:/#
Enter the mongo shell by typing mongo.
root@b07599e429fb:/# mongo
For this example, I will set up a user named ian and give that user read & write access to the cool_db database.
> use cool_db> db.createUser({ user: 'ian', pwd: 'secretPassword', roles: [{ role: 'readWrite', db:'cool_db'}]})
Reference: https://ianlondon.github.io/blog/mongodb-auth/ (First point only)
Exit from mongod shell and bash.
Stop the docker instance using the below command.
docker stop mongo
Now run the mongo docker with auth enabled.
docker run -d -p 27017:27017 -v ~/dataMongo:/data/db mongo mongod --auth
Reference: How to enable authentication on MongoDB through Docker? (Usman Ismail's answer to this question)
I was able to connect to the instance running on a Google Cloud server from my local windows laptop using the below command.
mongo <ip>:27017/cool_db -u ian -p secretPassword
Reference: how can I connect to a remote mongo server from Mac OS terminal