Using Python linters with Docker in VS Code
Not the Docker side, just some VS code considerations
VS Code relies on two mechanisms for resolving python highlighing: environment and linter.
For environment you can check https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/environments, which basically says either python is availsble on the system in path, or pick virtual environmrnt you create, or provide a path to python executable in json.
https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/linting tells to install linter with pip, runnable from environment you configured or provide a path to linter in json.
So it looks the only things you need to replicate VSCode python linting is python executabe, installation of pylint and json configuration for vscode.