Find out which remote branch a local branch is tracking

Here is a command that gives you all tracking branches (configured for 'pull'), see:

$ git branch -vv  main   aaf02f0 [main/master: ahead 25] Some other commit* master add0a03 [jdsumsion/master] Some commit

You have to wade through the SHA and any long-wrapping commit messages, but it's quick to type and I get the tracking branches aligned vertically in the 3rd column.

If you need info on both 'pull' and 'push' configuration per branch, see the other answer on git remote show origin.

Update

Starting in git version 1.8.5 you can show the upstream branch with git status and git status -sb

Two choices:

% git rev-parse --abbrev-ref --symbolic-full-name @{u}origin/mainline

or

% git for-each-ref --format='%(upstream:short)' "$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)"origin/mainline

I think git branch -av only tells you what branches you have and which commit they're at, leaving you to infer which remote branches the local branches are tracking.

git remote show origin explicitly tells you which branches are tracking which remote branches. Here's example output from a repository with a single commit and a remote branch called abranch:

$ git branch -av* abranch                d875bf4 initial commit  master                 d875bf4 initial commit  remotes/origin/HEAD    -> origin/master  remotes/origin/abranch d875bf4 initial commit  remotes/origin/master  d875bf4 initial commit

versus

$ git remote show origin* remote origin  Fetch URL: /home/ageorge/tmp/d/../exrepo/  Push  URL: /home/ageorge/tmp/d/../exrepo/  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):    abranch    master  Remote branches:    abranch tracked    master  tracked  Local branches configured for 'git pull':    abranch merges with remote abranch    master  merges with remote master  Local refs configured for 'git push':    abranch pushes to abranch (up to date)    master  pushes to master  (up to date)