Console.log messages not showing up in Chrome's javascript console?
I've just had the same problem and found this question when trying to find an answer.
What fixed this for me was disabling firebug lite in chrome. It was swallowing all console messages.
Make sure you have the console showing and that it is showing "All".
The cursor is on the button to hide/show the console.
Update: In newer versions of Chrome, you need to click the filter icon, then make sure "All" is selected.
When playing around with example Chrome Extensions, I was often unable to see the console.log messages when looking at console (ctrl+shift+j). But then I realized, that I was in the wrong place.
Wrench -> Tools -> Extensions and then click on the appropriate link under "Inspect active views". (in the Chrome examples it is often background.html) This should bring up the console that you are looking for.