uncaught referenceerror: tinymce is not defined
You need to also load TinyMCE itself - all you are loading now is a jQuery wrapper for TinyMCE.
In total you need to load the following:
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/tinymce/4.5.6/tinymce.min.js"></script><script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script><script src="http://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/tinymce/4.5.6/jquery.tinymce.min.js"></script>See this updated fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/mfromin/bcv1tv1b/2/
In all honesty you don't even need the jQuery TinyMCE code unless you want to use TinyMCE as a jQuery Plugin. Its 100% not required to make your fiddle work.
Had this error with WordPress, Chrome developer tool pointed me to the error. So I checked my files, /wp-includes/js/tinymce/wp-tinymce.php, The folder itself was on full throttle permission, changed to 755 and my visual editor is working now, console error disappeared.
Check to see if you have some .htaccess files inside your wp-includes folder! I was having this issue and it seems that it was caused by a .htaccess file in the root of wp-includes!