No.
If the HIVE metastore doesn't see the partitions, PrestoDB will not see it.
Maybe a cron can help you.
I'm on version 0.227 and the following helps me:
select * from hive.yourschema."yourtable$partitions"
This select returns all the partitions mapped in your catalog. You can filter, order, etc. as a normal query would.
There is now a way to do this:
CALL system.sync_partition_metadata(schema_name=>'<your-schema>', table_name=>'<your-table>', mode=>'FULL')
Credit to this post and this video