How to present UIAlertController when not in a view controller?

At WWDC, I stopped in at one of the labs and asked an Apple Engineer this same question: "What was the best practice for displaying a UIAlertController?" And he said they had been getting this question a lot and we joked that they should have had a session on it. He said that internally Apple is creating a UIWindow with a transparent UIViewController and then presenting the UIAlertController on it. Basically what is in Dylan Betterman's answer.

But I didn't want to use a subclass of UIAlertController because that would require me changing my code throughout my app. So with the help of an associated object, I made a category on UIAlertController that provides a show method in Objective-C.

Here is the relevant code:

#import "UIAlertController+Window.h"#import <objc/runtime.h>@interface UIAlertController (Window)- (void)show;- (void)show:(BOOL)animated;@end@interface UIAlertController (Private)@property (nonatomic, strong) UIWindow *alertWindow;@end@implementation UIAlertController (Private)@dynamic alertWindow;- (void)setAlertWindow:(UIWindow *)alertWindow {    objc_setAssociatedObject(self, @selector(alertWindow), alertWindow, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);}- (UIWindow *)alertWindow {    return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, @selector(alertWindow));}@end@implementation UIAlertController (Window)- (void)show {    [self show:YES];}- (void)show:(BOOL)animated {    self.alertWindow = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[UIScreen mainScreen].bounds];    self.alertWindow.rootViewController = [[UIViewController alloc] init];    id<UIApplicationDelegate> delegate = [UIApplication sharedApplication].delegate;    // Applications that does not load with UIMainStoryboardFile might not have a window property:    if ([delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(window)]) {        // we inherit the main window's tintColor        self.alertWindow.tintColor = delegate.window.tintColor;    }    // window level is above the top window (this makes the alert, if it's a sheet, show over the keyboard)    UIWindow *topWindow = [UIApplication sharedApplication].windows.lastObject;    self.alertWindow.windowLevel = topWindow.windowLevel + 1;    [self.alertWindow makeKeyAndVisible];    [self.alertWindow.rootViewController presentViewController:self animated:animated completion:nil];}- (void)viewDidDisappear:(BOOL)animated {    [super viewDidDisappear:animated];        // precaution to ensure window gets destroyed    self.alertWindow.hidden = YES;    self.alertWindow = nil;}@end

Here is a sample usage:

// need local variable for TextField to prevent retain cycle of Alert otherwise UIWindow// would not disappear after the Alert was dismissed__block UITextField *localTextField;UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"Global Alert" message:@"Enter some text" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];[alert addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"OK" style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIAlertAction *action) {    NSLog(@"do something with text:%@", localTextField.text);// do NOT use alert.textfields or otherwise reference the alert in the block. Will cause retain cycle}]];[alert addTextFieldWithConfigurationHandler:^(UITextField *textField) {    localTextField = textField;}];[alert show];

The UIWindow that is created will be destroyed when the UIAlertController is dealloced, since it is the only object that is retaining the UIWindow. But if you assign the UIAlertController to a property or cause its retain count to increase by accessing the alert in one of the action blocks, the UIWindow will stay on screen, locking up your UI. See the sample usage code above to avoid in the case of needing to access UITextField.

I made a GitHub repo with a test project: FFGlobalAlertController

Swift

let alertController = UIAlertController(title: "title", message: "message", preferredStyle: .alert)//...var rootViewController = UIApplication.shared.keyWindow?.rootViewControllerif let navigationController = rootViewController as? UINavigationController {    rootViewController = navigationController.viewControllers.first}if let tabBarController = rootViewController as? UITabBarController {    rootViewController = tabBarController.selectedViewController}//...rootViewController?.present(alertController, animated: true, completion: nil)

Objective-C

UIAlertController *alertController = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"Title" message:@"message" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];//...id rootViewController = [UIApplication sharedApplication].delegate.window.rootViewController;if([rootViewController isKindOfClass:[UINavigationController class]]){    rootViewController = ((UINavigationController *)rootViewController).viewControllers.firstObject;}if([rootViewController isKindOfClass:[UITabBarController class]]){    rootViewController = ((UITabBarController *)rootViewController).selectedViewController;}//...[rootViewController presentViewController:alertController animated:YES completion:nil];

You can do the following with Swift 2.2:

let alertController: UIAlertController = ...UIApplication.sharedApplication().keyWindow?.rootViewController?.presentViewController(alertController, animated: true, completion: nil)

And Swift 3.0:

let alertController: UIAlertController = ...UIApplication.shared.keyWindow?.rootViewController?.present(alertController, animated: true, completion: nil)