How to mount Azure App Service storage in Jenkins Docker Container?
That's expected because you only persist a symlink (ln -s /var/jenkins_home /home/jenkins) on the Azure host. All the files physically exist inside the container.To do this, you have to actually change Jenkins configuration to store all data in /home/jenkins which you have already created in your Dockerfile above.
A quick search for Jenkins data folder suggests that you set the environment variable JENKINS_HOME to your directory.In your Dockerfile:
ENV JENKINS_HOME /home/jenkins