Setting timeout on jQuery's get shorthand
Is it possible to set the ajax timeout parameter using jQuery's get shorthand?
No, not per request, though you can use $.ajaxSetup() to do it for all requests.
If not, do requests sent with the shorthand ever timeout?
No, by default they won't (unless you used $.ajaxSetup({ timeout: value });), the default timeout option isn't defined, the same as 0 meaning "don't timeout".
To do a timeout per request and not globally, you'd have to switch to the longhand format:
$.ajax({ url: url, data: data, success: callback(data, textStatus, XMLHttpRequest), dataType: dataType, timeout: timeoutvalue});