Cross Domain Requests Not Working With SoundCloud in Safari
Using the other URLs seems to work fine. The issue lies with /resolve.json where it uses a 302 Redirect to send you to the right API URL and it doesn't jive with Safari.
According to the SoundCloud API Doc:
The resolve resource allows you to lookup and access API resources when you only know the SoundCloud.com URL.
If you don't need this functionality I suggest using the URL directly. Here's a working example.
$.getJSON("https://api.soundcloud.com/playlists/17235000.json?client_id=CLIENT_ID", function( data ) { console.log(data);});