How to pass variables from view to controller without using forms in Laravel?

Well You can create a function on the link and in that function user Ajax

$.ajax({  type: "POST",//Or Get  url: url,  data: {"var_name":variable},  success: success,  dataType: dataType});

Now you can send you variables in the data. and then you can get value of the variable in your controller by:

Input::get('var_name');

It would be much better if you make all your "calculations" in the controller and pass a resulting value to the view like so

class SomeController() extends Controller{    public function getView():View    {        $mainCategoryName = "fix";        $formUrl = action('\App\Http\Controllers\Admin\Franch\Category\SubCategoryController@create', array('mainCategoryName' => $mainCategoryName));        return view('view.show', compact('formUrl'));    }...

Your mistake is in keeping meaningful data in the view, when the view should only have processed values:

<a href="{!! $formUrl !!}">

And if you really want to go "nuts", you can create a class that would generate HTML using a blade-view and the controller data and then you can execute this class in the controller to have your "partial" ready to be incorporated in a view as HTML. But not the other way round. Keep the calculations out of your views.