show cloudinary uploaded image using mongoose
This is the only mistake I see immediately:
User.findByIdAndUpdate(req.params.id, req.body.userimage...
is not how you update your user. Try this
User.findByIdAndUpdate(req.params.id, {userimage: req.body.userimage}...
Also I'm not sure if you can add a key to the request.body like that. You should probably just do:
User.findByIdAndUpdate(req.params.id, {userimage: result.secure_url}...