Correct NGINX rewrite rule for static files
I think you are making it more complex than it needs to be. Instead of using a try_files statement for this, it would be easier to simply set up location blocks for CSS and javascript files with the directory configured for each one.
Example:
location ~* \.(css|js)$ {root /staticfiles/css/;}
If you want it to be a rewrite, then replace root statement with
rewrite ^/staticfiles/generatedhashhere/css/(.*)$ /staticfiles/generatedhashhere/css/$;