how to run nginx docker container with custom config?

As mentioned in the NGiNX documentation, upstream is supposed to be defined in an http context.

When that file is included normally by nginx.conf, it is included already inside the http context:

http {  include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;}

You either need to use -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf or make a small wrapper like the above block and nginx -c it.

In case of Docker, you can see different options with abevoelker/docker-nginx:

docker run -v /tmp/foo:/foo abevoelker/nginx nginx -c /foo/nginx.conf

For a default nginx.conf, check your CMD:

CMD ["nginx", "-c", "/data/conf/nginx.conf"]

nginx docker containers

official nginx docker hub manual page:

docker run --name my-custom-nginx-container -v /host/path/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro -d nginx

nginx docker containers

An example for adding gzip config:

docker run -v [./]gzip.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/gzip.conf nginx

or docker-compose:

version: '3'services:  nginx:    image: nginx    volumes:      - ./gzip.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/gzip.conf      - ./html:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro

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