df["idx1_mod"] = df.index.get_level_values(0).values + 100
Try this:
for idx in range(len(df)): df['idx1_mod'][idx] = df.index[idx][0] + 100
You can use drop=False when setting the index to preserve your keys as columns. This should work:
drop=False
df.set_index(keys=['idx1','idx2'], inplace=True, drop=False)df['idx1_mod'] = df['idx'] + 100