Is there a way to loop through a multidimensional array without knowing it's depth?
Yes, you can use recursion. Here's an example where you output all the elements in an array:
function printAll($a) { if (!is_array($a)) { echo $a, ' '; return; } foreach($a as $v) { printAll($v); }}$array = array('hello', array('world', '!', array('whats'), 'up'), array('?'));printAll($array);
What you should always remember when doing recursion is that you need a base case where you won't go any deeper.
I like to check for the base case before continuing the function. That's a common idiom, but is not strictly necessary. You can just as well check in the foreach
loop if you should output or do a recursive call, but I often find the code to be harder to maintain that way.
The "distance" between your current input and the base case is called a variant and is an integer. The variant should be strictly decreasing in every recursive call. The variant in the previous example is the depth of $a
. If you don't think about the variant you risk ending up with infinite recursions and eventually the script will die due to a stack overflow. It's not uncommon to document exactly what the variant is in a comment before recursive functions.
You can do the below function for loop-through-a-multidimensional-array-without-knowing-its-depth
// recursive function loop through the dimensional arrayfunction loop($array){ //loop each row of array foreach($array as $key => $value) { //if the value is array, it will do the recursive if(is_array($value) ) $array[$key] = loop($array[$key]); if(!is_array($value)) { // you can do your algorithm here // example: $array[$key] = (string) $value; // cast value to string data type } } return $array;}
by using above function, it will go through each of the multi dimensional array, below is the sample array you could pass to loop function :
//array sample to pass to loop() function $data = [ 'invoice' => [ 'bill_information' => [ 'price' => 200.00, 'quantity' => 5 ], 'price_per_quantity' => 50.00 ], 'user_id' => 20];// then you can pass it like this :$result = loop($data);var_dump($result);//it will convert all the value to string for this example purpose
You can use recursion for this problem:
Here is one example
$array = array(1 => array(1 => "a", 2 => array(1 => "b", 2 => "c", 3 => array(1 => "final value"))));//print_r($array);printAllValues($array);function printAllValues($arr) { if(!is_array($arr)) { echo '<br />' . $arr; return; } foreach($arr as $k => $v) { printAllValues($v); }}
It will use recursion to loop through array
It will print like
abcfinal value