Postgis installation: type "geometry" does not exist

I had the same problem, but it was fixed by running following code

CREATE EXTENSION postgis;

In detail,

postgresql geometry postgis

If the Postgis-Extension is loaded, then your SQL perhaps does not find the geometry-type because of missing search-path to the public schema.

Try

SET search_path = ..., public;

in the first line of your scsript. (replace ... with the other required search-paths)

postgresql geometry postgis

You can do it from terminal:

psql mydatabasename -c "CREATE EXTENSION postgis";

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