How can I use cdb.exe in an interactive Powershell Remoting session
Any sort of interactive CLI tool probably won't work in a remoting session or at least very well. In a remote session PowerShell serializes what happens on the remote end and sends it back over the wire to the local session. When you use PowerShell cmdlets, you get objects which PowerShell can handle. CLI tools are going to return strings. I don't think PowerShell remoting is going to help you here.