Can modules have properties the same way that objects can?

Only instances of new-style classes can have properties. You can make Python believe such an instance is a module by stashing it in sys.modules[thename] = theinstance. So, for example, your m.py module file could be:

import sysclass _M(object):    def __init__(self):        self.c = 0    def afunction(self):        self.c += 1        return self.c    y = property(afunction)sys.modules[__name__] = _M()

I would do this in order to properly inherit all the attributes of a module, and be correctly identified by isinstance()

import typesclass MyModule(types.ModuleType):    @property    def y(self):        return 5>>> a=MyModule("test")>>> a<module 'test' (built-in)>>>> a.y5

And then you can insert this into sys.modules:

sys.modules[__name__] = MyModule(__name__)  # remember to instantiate the class

As PEP 562 has been implemented in Python >= 3.7, now we can do this

file: module.py

def __getattr__(name):    if name == 'y':        return 3    raise AttributeError(f"module '{__name__}' has no attribute '{name}'")other = 4

usage:

>>> import module>>> module.y3>>> module.other4>>> module.nosuchTraceback (most recent call last):  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>  File "module.py", line 4, in __getattr__    raise AttributeError(f"module '{__name__}' has no attribute '{name}'")AttributeError: module 'module' has no attribute 'nosuch'

Note that if you omit the raise AttributeError in the __getattr__ function, it means the function ends with return None, then the module.nosuch will get a value of None.