compatibility issue with contourArea in openCV 3

In Opencv 3 API version the cv2.findContours() returns 3 objects

• image
• contours
• hierarchy

So you need to rewrite your statement as:

image, contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(im_bw.copy(), cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

Depending on the OpenCV version, cv2.findContours() has varying return signatures.

In OpenCV 3.4.X, cv2.findContours() returns 3 items

image, contours, hierarchy = cv.findContours(image, mode, method[, contours[, hierarchy[, offset]]])

In OpenCV 2.X and 4.1.X, cv2.findContours() returns 2 items

contours, hierarchy = cv.findContours(image, mode, method[, contours[, hierarchy[, offset]]])

You can easily obtain the contours regardless of the version like this:

cnts = cv2.findContours(image, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]

This problem is caused by the different return value of cv2.findContours in different OpenCV versions.

In OpenCV 4.0.0, this error may looks like cv2.error: OpenCV(4.0.0) C:\projects\opencv-python\opencv\modules\imgproc\src\convhull.cpp:137: error: (-215:Assertion failed) total >= 0 && (depth == CV_32F || depth == CV_32S) in function 'cv::convexHull'

You can find a detailed explanation and solutions here: How to use `cv2.findContours` in different OpenCV versions?