Yarn workspace, react, monorepo issue with conflict library version
This is very similar, if not the same, to an issue opened on the GH repo for create-react-app and you may find additional information there.
That said, you might try moving babel-jest to a devDependency instead of a package dependency. If that does not work, you might try Selective dependency resolutions, where you can force your project to a specific version of babel-jest -
"resolutions": { "babel-jest": "^24.9.0", "shared-lib-1": "^1.0.0"}