MaxRetryError Selenium

This error message...

MaxRetryError: HTTPConnectionPool(host='127.0.0.1', port=60745): Max retries exceeded with url: /session/900f45d6c8c800f2a8ebcf43daa05b69/url (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x7fa42c261c10>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 61] Connection refused'))

...implies that the ChromeDriver was unable to initiate/spawn/communicate with the Browsing Context i.e. Chrome Browser session.

Root cause

The root cause of this error can be either of the following:

• This error may arise in case manually you are closing the Browsing Context when the driver have already initiated a lookout for element/elements.
• Incase you invoke any WebDriver methods once you have already invoked driver.close() or driver.quit().
• There is also a possibility that the application you are trying to access is throttling the requests from your system/machine/ip-address/network.
• The application have identified the Selenium driven ChromeDriver initiated google-chrome Browsing Context as a bot and is denying any access.

Solution

Ensure that:

• Always invoke driver.quit() within tearDown(){} method to close & destroy the WebDriver and Web Client instances gracefully.
• Induce WebDriverWait to synchronize the fast moving WebDriver along with the Browsing Context.
• Selenium is upgraded to current released Version 3.141.59.
• ChromeDriver is updated to current ChromeDriver v84.0 level.
• Chrome is updated to current Chrome Version 84.0 level. (as per ChromeDriver v84.0 release notes)
• If your base Web Client version is too old, then uninstall it and install a recent GA and released version of Web Client.
• Clean your Project Workspace through your IDE and Rebuild your project with required dependencies only.

References

You can find a couple of relevant detailed discussions in:

• MaxRetryError: HTTPConnectionPool: Max retries exceeded (Caused by ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', error(111, 'Connection refused')))
• urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPConnectionPool(host='127.0.0.1', port=49951): Max retries exceeded with url with Selenium and Python