Selenium Firefox webdriver works on images built from Ubuntu but not on images built from Debian

RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends apt-utilsRUN apt-get install -y wget \        build-essential \        libgl1-mesa-glx \        libgtk-3-dev ARG FIREFOX_VERSION=58.0.2RUN wget --no-verbose -O /tmp/firefox.tar.bz2 https://download-installer.cdn.mozilla.net/pub/firefox/releases/$FIREFOX_VERSION/linux-x86_64/en-US/firefox-$FIREFOX_VERSION.tar.bz2 \   && rm -rf /opt/firefox \   && tar -C /opt -xjf /tmp/firefox.tar.bz2 \   && rm /tmp/firefox.tar.bz2 \   && mv /opt/firefox /opt/firefox-$FIREFOX_VERSION \   && ln -fs /opt/firefox-$FIREFOX_VERSION/firefox /usr/bin/firefoxARG GK_VERSION=v0.19.1RUN wget --no-verbose -O /tmp/geckodriver.tar.gz http://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases/download/$GK_VERSION/geckodriver-$GK_VERSION-linux64.tar.gz \   && rm -rf /opt/geckodriver \   && tar -C /opt -zxf /tmp/geckodriver.tar.gz \   && rm /tmp/geckodriver.tar.gz \   && mv /opt/geckodriver /opt/geckodriver-$GK_VERSION \   && chmod 755 /opt/geckodriver-$GK_VERSION \   && ln -fs /opt/geckodriver-$GK_VERSION /usr/bin/geckodriver

Making the following changes based on what @Florent B. had linked was the fix for it. Essentially firefox-esr is version 52 and the -headless option for Firefox was released in version 55. I am not sure what version iceweasel is but presumably it is earlier than that. Additionally versions of Firefox above 52 will not work without libgtk-3. I presume Debian 8 still has libgtk-2 so one would need to install that as well. Headless browsing works perfect with build-essential, libgtk-3-dev, wget, and libgl1-mesa-glx on Debian 8.

You should never install Firefox using package manager. You can find all the firefox releases on below link

https://download-installer.cdn.mozilla.net/pub/firefox/releases/

If you look at the Selenium Firefox Dockerfile

https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/docker-selenium/blob/master/NodeFirefox/Dockerfile

They download the required version using

wget --no-verbose -O /tmp/firefox.tar.bz2 $FIREFOX_DOWNLOAD_URL

And for dependencies issues they run the below command

apt-get -qqy --no-install-recommends install firefox

And then later remove the firefox package

apt-get -y purge firefox

This makes sure that you don't need to worry about all required dependencies. If you want you can still get dependencies

$ apt-cache depends firefox | grep Depends  Depends: lsb-release  Depends: libatk1.0-0  Depends: libc6  Depends: libcairo-gobject2  Depends: libcairo2  Depends: libdbus-1-3  Depends: libdbus-glib-1-2  Depends: libfontconfig1  Depends: libfreetype6  Depends: libgcc1  Depends: libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0  Depends: libglib2.0-0  Depends: libgtk-3-0  Depends: libpango-1.0-0  Depends: libpangocairo-1.0-0  Depends: libstartup-notification0  Depends: libstdc++6  Depends: libx11-6  Depends: libx11-xcb1  Depends: libxcb-shm0  Depends: libxcb1  Depends: libxcomposite1  Depends: libxdamage1  Depends: libxext6  Depends: libxfixes3  Depends: libxrender1  Depends: libxt6

If you look at the below link

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/Firefox/Headless_mode

Browser support

Headless Firefox works on Fx55+ on Linux, and 56+ on Windows/Mac.