"< <(command-here)" shell idiom resulting in "redirection unexpected"

Regarding the "redirection unexpected" error:

That's not related to stable, it's related to your script using /bin/sh, not bash. The <() syntax is unavailable in POSIX shells, which includes bash when invoked as /bin/sh (in which case it turns off nonstandard functionality for compatibility reasons).

Make your shebang line #!/bin/bash.

Understanding the < <() idiom:

To be clear about what's going on -- <() is replaced with a filename which refers to the output of the command which it runs; on Linux, this is typically a /dev/fd/## type filename. Running < <(command), then, is taking that file and directing it to your stdin... which is pretty close the behavior of a pipe.

To understand why this idiom is useful, compare this:

read foo < <(echo "bar")echo "$foo"

to this:

echo "bar" | read fooecho "$foo"

The former works, because the read is executed by the same shell that later echoes the result. The latter does not, because the read is run in a subshell that was created just to set up the pipeline and then destroyed, so the variable is no longer present for the subsequent echo.

Understanding bash -s stable:

bash -s indicates that the script to run will come in on stdin. All arguments, then, are fed to the script in the $@ array ($1, $2, etc), so stable becomes $1 when the script fed in on stdin is run.