SELECT * FROM tbl WHERE clm LIKE CONCAT('%',<other sql query LIMIT 1>,'%') - HOW?
Use:
SELECT a.japanese FROM EDICT a JOIN EDICT b ON b.japanese = a.japanese WHERE b.english LIKE 'dog'
I don't recommend the use of LIMIT, but if you really need it for this, use:
SELECT a.japanese FROM EDICT a JOIN (SELECT t.japanese FROM EDICT t WHERE t.english LIKE 'dog' LIMIT 1) b ON b.japanese = a.japanese