Animating an object to move in a circular path in Tkinter
Here's something that shows one way to do what you want using the tkinter after
method to update both the position of the object and the associated canvas oval
object. It uses a generator function to compute coordinates along a circular path representing the orbit of one of the Celestial
instances (named planet_obj1
).
import mathtry: import tkinter as tkexcept ImportError: import Tkinter as tk # Python 2DELAY = 100CIRCULAR_PATH_INCR = 10sin = lambda degs: math.sin(math.radians(degs))cos = lambda degs: math.cos(math.radians(degs))class Celestial(object): # Constants COS_0, COS_180 = cos(0), cos(180) SIN_90, SIN_270 = sin(90), sin(270) def __init__(self, x, y, radius): self.x, self.y = x, y self.radius = radius def bounds(self): """ Return coords of rectangle surrounding circlular object. """ return (self.x + self.radius*self.COS_0, self.y + self.radius*self.SIN_270, self.x + self.radius*self.COS_180, self.y + self.radius*self.SIN_90)def circular_path(x, y, radius, delta_ang, start_ang=0): """ Endlessly generate coords of a circular path every delta angle degrees. """ ang = start_ang % 360 while True: yield x + radius*cos(ang), y + radius*sin(ang) ang = (ang+delta_ang) % 360def update_position(canvas, id, celestial_obj, path_iter): celestial_obj.x, celestial_obj.y = next(path_iter) # iterate path and set new position # update the position of the corresponding canvas obj x0, y0, x1, y1 = canvas.coords(id) # coordinates of canvas oval object oldx, oldy = (x0+x1) // 2, (y0+y1) // 2 # current center point dx, dy = celestial_obj.x - oldx, celestial_obj.y - oldy # amount of movement canvas.move(id, dx, dy) # move canvas oval object that much # repeat after delay canvas.after(DELAY, update_position, canvas, id, celestial_obj, path_iter)top = tk.Tk()top.title('Circular Path')canvas = tk.Canvas(top, bg='black', height=500, width=500)canvas.pack()sol_obj = Celestial(250, 250, 25)planet_obj1 = Celestial(250+100, 250, 15)sol = canvas.create_oval(sol_obj.bounds(), fill='yellow', width=0)planet1 = canvas.create_oval(planet_obj1.bounds(), fill='blue', width=0)orbital_radius = math.hypot(sol_obj.x - planet_obj1.x, sol_obj.y - planet_obj1.y)path_iter = circular_path(sol_obj.x, sol_obj.y, orbital_radius, CIRCULAR_PATH_INCR)next(path_iter) # prime generatortop.after(DELAY, update_position, canvas, planet1, planet_obj1, path_iter)top.mainloop()
Here's what it looks like running: