Change number binding depending on class within Tkinter Frame
If you do self.bind rather than controller.bind, the page-specific function should run, since only the page with focus will see the click. This is normally how you handle bindings -- only bind to the widgets that the bindings should apply to. In this case you don't want global bindings, you want bindings for each page.
The other solution is to bind them all to controller.handleKey(1), controller.handleKey(1), etc. handleKey is a generic function whose only function is to figure out which page is current, and call the handleKey of the current frame.