insert header to a file
header="/name/of/file/containing/header"for file in "$@"do cat "$header" "$file" > /tmp/xx.$$ mv /tmp/xx.$$ "$file"done
You might prefer to locate the temporary file on the same file system as the file you are editing, but anything that requires inserting data at the front of the file is going to end up working very close to this. If you are going to be doing this all day, every day, you might assemble something a little slicker, but the chances are the savings will be minuscule (fractions of a second per file).
If you really, really must use sed
, then I suppose you could use:
header="/name/of/file/containing/header"for file in "$@"do sed -e "0r $header" "$file" > /tmp/xx.$$ mv /tmp/xx.$$ "$file"done
The command reads the content of header 'after' line 0 (before line 1), and then everything else is passed through unchanged. This isn't as swift as cat
though.
An analogous construct using awk
is:
header="/name/of/file/containing/header"for file in "$@"do awk '{print}' "$header" "$file" > /tmp/xx.$$ mv /tmp/xx.$$ "$file"done
This simply prints each input line on the output; again, not as swift as cat
.
One more advantage of cat
over sed
or awk
; cat
will work even if the big files are mainly binary data (it is oblivious to the content of the files). Both sed
and awk
are designed to handle data split into lines; while modern versions will probably handle even binary data fairly well, it is not what they are designed for.
I did it all with a Perl script, because I had to traverse a directory tree and handle various file types differently. The basic script was
#!perl -wprocess_directory(".");sub process_directory { my $dir = shift; opendir DIR, $dir or die "$dir: not a directory\n"; my @files = readdir DIR; closedir DIR; foreach(@files) { next if(/^\./ or /bin/ or /obj/); # ignore some directories if(-d "$dir/$_") { process_directory("$dir/$_"); } else { fix_file("$dir/$_"); } }}sub fix_file { my $file = shift; open SRC, $file or die "Can't open $file\n"; my $file = "$file-f"; open FIX, ">$fix" or die "Can't open $fix\n"; print FIX <<EOT; -- Text to insertEOT while(<SRC>) { print FIX; } close SRC; close FIX; my $oldfile = $file; $oldFile =~ s/(.*)\.\(\w+)$/$1-old.$2/; if(rename $file, $oldFile) { rename $fix, $file; }}
Share and enjoy! Or not -- I'm no Perl hacker, so this is probably double-plus-unoptimal Perl code. Still, it worked for me!