How to use passive FTP mode in Windows command prompt?

The Windows FTP command-line client (ftp.exe) does not support the passive mode, on any version of Windows. It makes it pretty useless nowadays due to ubiquitous firewalls and NATs.

Using the quote pasv won't help. It switches only the server to the passive mode, but not the client.

Use any thirdparty Windows FTP command-line client instead. Most other support the passive mode.

For example WinSCP defaults to the passive mode and there's a guide available for converting Windows FTP script to WinSCP script. If you are starting from the scratch, see the guide to automating file transfers to FTP using WinSCP. Also, WinSCP GUI can generate a script template for you.

(I'm the author of WinSCP)

Windows does not actually support passive mode.

You can send the command to the server in three different ways but that will not enable passive mode on the Windows client end.

Those arguments are for sending various commands and pasv is not something that Microsoft thought of when they wrote it.

You will have to find a 3rd party software like WinSCP that supports command line usage and use that instead of the Windows native one.

Although this doesnt answer the question directly about command line, but from Windows OS, use the Windows Explorer ftp://username@server

this will use Passive Mode by default

For command line, active mode is the default