This application has requested the Runtime to terminate it in an unusual way.
This dialog is produced by the visual studio runtime, in response to abort(). abort() is by default called by e.g. terminate(). You'll get this from e.g. unhandled c++ exceptions, call to pure virtuals, failed assertions.
So, it's not platform dependent, but run-time library dependent. abort() is, by the c++ standard, required to terminate the program without executing destructors for automatic and static storage objects, and without calling atexit() handlers.