Building Qt Xcode Projects From the Command Line
The open-source Qt binary installers for OS X from Trolltech default to creating .xcodeproj files when you run qmake. I don't use XCode for editing so it is a pain to open it to compile the project.
To compile your projects from Terminal.app, just set an environment variable of QMAKESPEC to macx-g++
If you want to just compile a certain project from the terminal, go into that directory and run
qmake -spec macx-g++
When you run qmake, this will create a Makefile which you can use by running make.