xcodebuild commands give different results when run from the command line than when run from within Jenkins
Figured out that all you need to do is to set the scheme to be shared.Scheme > Manage SchemesMake sure "Shared" is checked.
This will then generate out a new folder/file .../xcshareddata/xcschemes/???.xcscheme
Check this file into your source control and scheme should now appear on your jenkins box.
you must ignore your .xcodeproj/xcuserdata/.xcuserdatad in your .gitignore file.xcodebuild -list get schemes from .xcodeproj/xcuserdata/.xcuserdatad/xcschemes.jenkins server has no this file so get no schemes,you can open *.xcodeproj in your jenkins server,it will create the file and then do xcodebuild -list can get the current schemes.I have the same problem and solved by the method above.