Why don't style and layout use the android namespace?
Looking at the source of LayoutInflater, there doesn't seem to be a obvious reason why it's layout in a include tag and not android:layout. I guess since the include tag is a special case in a layout there's no need for the android prefix.
The include tag is not processed at compile time however, else it wouldn't be in LayoutInflater now wouldn't it ;)
As for style, I don't know for sure, but I think the reason is that namespaced attributes are defined in XML and passed as AttributeSet in the View constructor. The style however isn't passed in that set, but as a separate parameter. So I think the reasoning is that style is a parameter that is always there, while namespace prefixed attributes are dynamic and custom for a View.
So no definite answer from me, but maybe it helps ;)