How does 'git log --graph' or 'hg graphlog' work?

How does 'git log --graph' or 'hg graphlog' work?

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git

How does Git create unique commit hashes, mainly the first few characters?

git algorithm hash git-hash

git

What are the advantages of a rebase over a merge in git?

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git

Git: Confusion about merge algorithm, conflict format, and interplay with mergetools

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git